Laws and Policies

Country responsible for asylum application (Dublin Regulation)

1. Date of issuance Adopted on 26 June 2013. 2. Effective date Applied from 1 January 2014. 3. English title Regulation (EU) No 604/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the criteria and mechanisms for determining the Member State responsible for examining an application for international protection lodged in one of the...

Regulation (EU) 2023/956 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 May 2023 establishing a carbon border adjustment mechanism

1. Date of issuance Adopted on 10 May 2023. 2. Effective date Entered into force on 17 May 2023. The transitional phase began on 1 October 2023. 3. English title Regulation (EU) 2023/956 of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM). 4. Summary The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism...

Regulation (EU) 2020/852 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2020 on the establishment of a framework to facilitate sustainable investment, and amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 (Text with EEA relevance)

1. Date of issuance Adopted on 18 June 2020. 2. Effective date Entered into force upon publication and has applied since 12 July 2020. 3. English title Regulation (EU) 2020/852 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the establishment of a framework to facilitate sustainable investment, and amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2088. 4. Summary...

Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)

1.Date of issuance Originally adopted in 2002 (Directive 2002/91/EC); recast in 2010 (Directive 2010/31/EU); and most recently updated in 2024 (Directive (EU) 2024/1275). 2. Effective date The latest version took effect on 28 May 2024, and EU Member States must transpose it into national law by 29 May 2026. 3. English title Energy Performance of...

Directive (EU) 2024/1788 on common rules for the internal markets for renewable gas, natural gas and hydrogen

WHAT IS THE AIM OF THE REGULATION? Regulation (EU) 2024/1789 is part of a package designed to push the European Union (EU) towards decarbonising its energy systems by integrating renewable and low-carbon gases, particularly hydrogen, focusing on: fair rules for accessing natural gas transmission networks, storage facilities and liquefied natural gas (LNG) infrastructure; mechanisms to...

Schengen Borders Code

1. Date of issuance Adopted on 9 March 2016. 2. Effective date Entered into force upon publication in the Official Journal of the European Union and is directly applicable in all Member States. 3. English title Regulation (EU) 2016/399 of the European Parliament and of the Council on a Union Code on the Rules Governing...

Directive (EU) 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources

WHAT IS THE AIM OF THE DIRECTIVE? It establishes a common system to promote energy from renewable sources1 across the different sectors. In particular, it: sets a binding European Union (EU) target for its share in the energy mix in 2030; regulates self-consumption for the first time; and establishes a common set of rules for...

Trans-European Networks for Energy

1. Date of issuance The original regulation was adopted in 2013 and later amended by a new regulation in 2022. 2. Effective date The revised version, Regulation (EU) 2022/869, has been in effect since 2022. 3. English title Trans-European Networks for Energy (TEN-E) Regulation. 4. Summary The EU’s TEN-E policy guides the development of cross-border...

Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC

1. Date of issuance Adopted on 13 October 2003. 2. Effective date Applicable from the date of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union, which was 25 October 2003. 3. English title Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas...

Regulation (EU) 2017/1938 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2017 concerning measures to safeguard the security of gas supply and repealing Regulation (EU) No 994/2010.

1. Date of issuance Adopted on 25 October 2017. 2. Effective date Published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 28 October 2017. Certain provisions — Article 13(1) to (6), the first and second subparagraphs of Article 13(8), and Article 13(14) and (15) — entered into force on 1 December 2018. 3. English...